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Acta Neurol Scand. 2006 Apr;113(4):248-55
Microbes in tissues living under the Alzheimer Name -- Identity Theft?
Herein , we submit a case study which offers a new cognitive model for Alzheimer's disease. It is unknown how many persons might fit into this model, but if even one person could potentially benefit, we believe that it is in the public interest to discuss the case of Mr Paul Christensen.
Paul was a career firefighter and like so many men and women who serve us as firefighters, Paul risked his life to save the lives of others.
In his 65th year he developed a neurologic illness, which was recalcitrant to treatment. He died. An autopsy was completed at his family's request.
The conventional method for detection of Plaques is the silver stain which produces a rounded black staining image in autopsy brain. Severity of dementia correlates with the "density" of Plaques ..ie plaque number per unit area of the brain. Note that the plaques are always rounded, but the size diameter of the plaques varies from small to large.... just like the cysts of Bb are always round in contour, but vary in size from small to large.
Alzheimer's disease was confirmed by rigorous studies, expertly completed at the School of Medicine, Stony Brook New York.
A lingering question remained unanswered after the final version of the Autopsy report was codified. Was there any possible relationship between the Alzheimer's disease, and Paul's long term struggle with Lyme disease?
Multiple spinal fluid studies during his lifetime showed strongly positive results at the School of Medicine at Stony Brook. But the very best efforts of the Neuropathologist who personally examined Paul's brain tissues under the microscope yielded no evidence of the telltale corkscrew profiles which textbooks tell us are the "signature" of the Lyme spirochete in tissues.
A prospective research study at St Catherine of Siena Medical Center, supported by the Turn the Corner Foundation of New York City provided some new tools to attempt to answer the question of links between Alzheimer's disease, and spirochetal infection. The new tools, of the Turn the Corner research are not improved recipes for the traditional silver staining of bugs in tissue.
The new methods are DNA probes with Fluorescent labels of Borrelia burgdorferi specific DNA.
These tools for detection of the spirochetal microbe are more specific and offer a level of precision equal to the culture of the spirochetal pathogen from liquid cultures of diseased tissues,
in the great tradition of Dr. Robert Koch.
Dr. Koch's 4 points of "proof" that a microbe is the actual cause of a disease are :
1. Regular identification of the "bug" in diseased tissues,
2. Cultivation of the "bug" and isolation of the "bug" in pure cultures from diseased tissues,
3. Recapitulation of the disease when the "bug" is injected into healthy tissues,
4. Repeat isolation of the "bug" from the experimental animal model in step 3.
Green Fluorescence images are from the DNA probe for Borrelia FlaB DNA showing positive signals in the Alzheimer plaques
In Paul's case, the DNA Probes applied to autopsy brain tissue sections showed a strong positive beacon of light, a signal which was not haphazardly present, but which was present in the areas of the diseased brain tissue which are emblematic of Alzheimer's .
The Spirochete specific DNA probes showed Rounded "glow in the dark" fluorescence" in the rounded Alzheimer's plaques, with no probe signals seen in the uninjured brain tissues.
This single case study, of Alzheimer's disease, at Autopsy offers a potential new paradigm for the redefinition of a percentage of all Alzheimer's as the group with chronic spirochetal infection as its root cause.
In the great tradition of Dr Hideyo Noguchi, who in 1913, proved that the dementia of Late syphilis, is actually caused by spirochetes in autopsy brain tissue, this 21st century application of Noguchi's genius returns to the clinical arena in the service of patients who , because of their illness cannot judge the cause of their cognitive deterioration.
Let us hope that by "connecting the dots" in one well studied case, that others may be better served by what the Autopsy has shown us.
Respectfully submitted,
Dorothy Christensen Alan B. MacDonald c/o MacDonald 1 Franciscan Lane Smithtown, New York, 11787
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