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Lyme disease in Canada, all you'll need to know about Lyme in Canada

Disease-prone ticks spotted more often

Marilyn Smulders

Halifax Daily News 12-02-2005

Since discovery of black-legged ticks in a Bedford park a month ago, people have been bringing in the tiny, blood-sucking insects to Natural Resources and the Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History in record numbers.

"Until this fall, we rarely saw them," said Andrew Hebda, curator of zoology at the Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History. "But now, people are more aware."

Fifty to 60 black-legged ticks, the kind capable of carrying and transmitting Lyme disease, have been plucked off dogs, cats and people at several locations in HRM, including Bedford and Spryfield, plus Antigonish, Queens and Lunenburg Counties.

"Dogs like to go off paths - them and bad golfers - so that's why the ticks attach to them," said Hebda. "The (ticks) crawl to a cosy place where they can go for a nice feed."

Black-legged ticks are small, the size of the "o" on this page. But they become much larger, about the size of a Tic Tac mint, when engorged with blood. The females are orangey-red coloured on the abdomen, while males are uniformly brown.

Hebda speculates black-legged ticks are becoming more wide- spread in Nova Scotia as they hitch rides on birds.

As they're collected, ticks are being sent for testing by the Public Health Agency of Canada's microbiology laboratory in Winnipeg. The first batch of 44 sent off in October tested negative for the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. The devastating disease has symptom that include fever, headache, fatigue and a distinctive bulls-eye skin rash. It is difficult to diagnose, and can spread to joints, the heart and nervous system if left untreated.

Until recently, Natural Resources had discovered black-legged ticks mainly in Lunenburg County, where they're established. The key to determining if black-legged ticks are established in HRM is to find them at all stages of development, not just adults, said Jeff Ogden, field entomologist with the Department of Natural Resources.

That involves trapping small mammals, such as squirrels, mice and voles, and examining them under the microscope for larvae and nits, and testing blood samples taken from the animals.

"At this stage, we need to do more testing, more surveillance," said Ogden.

email Marilyn Smulders